CEFAZOLIN SODIUM (sef-a'zoe-lin) Ancef, Kefzol, Zolicef Classifications: antiinfective; antibiotic; first-generation cephalosporin Pregnancy Category: B |
250 mg, 500 mg, 1 g, injection
Semisynthetic, first-generation derivative of cephalosporin C; antibiotic activity similar to that of cefazolin. Activity against gram-negative organisms is limited. Bactericidal action: preferentially binds to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on cell walls of susceptible organisms. This inhibits third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis, thus killing the bacterium.
Effective treatment for bone and joint infections, biliary tract infections, enocarditis prophylaxis and treatment, respiratory tract and genital tract infections, septicemia and skin infections, and surgical prophylaxis.
Severe infections of urinary and biliary tracts, skin, soft tissue, and bone, and for bacteremia and endocarditis caused by susceptible organisms; also perioperative prophylaxis in patients undergoing procedures associated with high risk of infection, e.g., open heart surgery.
Hypersensitivity to any cephalosporin and related antibiotics; pregnancy (category B), lactation.
History of penicillin sensitivity, impaired renal function, patients on sodium restriction.
Moderate to Severe Infections Adult: IV/IM 250 mg2 g q8h, up to 2 g q4h (max: 12 g/d) Child: IV/IM 25100 mg/kg/d in 34 divided doses, up to 100 mg/kg/d (not to exceed adult doses) Neonate: IV <7 d: 40 mg/kg/d divided q12h; 7 d: 4060 mg/kg/d divided q812h Adjustment for Renal Impairment Clcr <35 mL/min: dose q12h Surgical Prophylaxis Adult: IV/IM 12 g 3060 min before surgery, then q8h for 24 h Child: IV/IM 2550 mg/kg 3060 min before surgery, then q8h for 24 h |
Intravenous
PREPARE: Direct: Dilute each 1 g with 10 mL of sterile water for injection. Intermittent: Further dilute with 50100 mL of NS or D5W. ADMINISTER: Direct/Intermittent: Infuse 1 g over 5 min or longer as determined by the amount of solution. The risk of IV site reactions may be reduced by proper dilution of IV solution, use of small bore IV needle in a large vein, and by rotating injection sites. INCOMPATIBILITIES Solution/additive: aminoglycosides, ascorbic acid, atracurium, bleomycin, cimetidine, hydromorphone, lidocaine, ranididine, vitamin B complex with C. Y-site: Amiodarone, aminoglycosides, amphotericin B cholesteryl complex, idarubicin, pentamidine, vinorelbine. |
Because of cefazolin effect on the direct Coombs' test, transfusion cross-matching procedures and hematologic studies may be complicated. False-positive urine glucose determinations are possible with use of copper sulfate tests (e.g., Clinitest or Benedict's reagent) but not with glucose oxidase tests such as TesTape, Diastix, or Clinistix.
Assessment & Drug Effects
Patient & Family Education