CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE (klor-fen-eer'a-meen) Aller-Chlor, Chlo-Amine, Chlorate, Chlor-Pro, Chlorspan, Chlortab, Chlor-Trimeton, Chlor-Tripolon , Novopheniram , Pfeiffer Allergy, Phenetron, Telachlor, Teldrin, Trymegan Classifications: antihistamine (h1-receptor antagonist) Prototype: Diphenhydramine Pregnancy Category: B first and second trimester; category; D in third trimester |
2 mg, 4 mg tablets; 8 mg, 12 mg sustained-release tablets; 2 mg/5 mL syrup
Antihistamine that competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells, thus it prevents histamine action that promotes capillary permeability and edema formation and constrictive action on respiratory, gastrointestinal, and vascular smooth muscles. It generally produces less drowsiness than other antihistamines, but adverse effects involving CNS stimulation may be more common.
Has effective antihistamine reaction resulting in decreasing allergic symptomatology.
Symptomatic relief of various uncomplicated allergic conditions; to prevent transfusion and drug reactions in susceptible patients, and as adjunct to epinephrine and other standard measures in anaphylactic reactions.
Hypersensitivity to antihistamines of similar structure; lower respiratory tract symptoms, narrow-angle glaucoma, obstructive prostatic hypertrophy or other bladder neck obstruction, GI obstruction or stenosis; pregnancy (category B in first and second trimester and category D in third trimester), lactation; premature and newborn infants; during or within 14 d of MAO INHIBITOR therapy.
Convulsive disorders, increased intraocular pressure, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of bronchial asthma, older adult patients, patients with G6PD deficiency.
Symptomatic Allergy Relief Adult: PO 24 mg t.i.d. or q.i.d. or 812 mg b.i.d. or t.i.d., max: 24 mg/d Geriatric: PO 4 mg q.d. or b.i.d. or 8 mg sustained-release h.s. Child: PO 612 y: 2 mg q46h (max: 12 mg/d); 26 y: 1 mg q46h Allergic Reactions to Blood Adult: SC/IV/IM 1020 mg (max: 40 mg/d) |
Intravenous PREPARE: Direct: Give undiluted. ADMINISTER: Direct: Give 10 mg or fraction thereof over at least 1 min.
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Antihistamines should be discontinued 4 d before skin testing procedures for allergy because they may obscure otherwise positive reactions.
Assessment & Drug Effects
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