MELOXICAM
(mel-ox'-i-cam)
Mobic
Classifications: central nervous system agent (cns); analgesic; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nsaid)
Prototype: Ibuprofen
Pregnancy Category: C (first and second trimesters); D (third trimester)

Availability

7.5 mg tablets

Actions

Is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. The mechanism of action, like other NSAIDs, may be related to prostaglandin synthetase (cyclooxygenase) inhibition.

Therapeutic Effects

Exhibits antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic actions.

Uses

Relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to meloxicam; rhinitis, urticaria/angioedema, asthma; allergic reactions to aspirin or other antiinflammatory agents; NSAID hypersensitivity, severe renal or hepatic disease; salicylate hypersensitivity, pregnancy [(category C) first and second trimester, (category D) third trimester)], lactation; bleeding.

Cautious Use

Helicobacter pylori infections; history of coagulation defects, liver dysfunction, gastrointestinal disease or ulceration, anemia, anticoagulant therapy; asthma; bone marrow suppression; corticosteroid therapy, dehydration, edema, older adults; females of childbearing age; GI bleeding, GI diseases, GI perforation; heart failure; hepatic disease, hypertension, hypovolemia, immunosuppression; jaundice, lactase deficiency, advanced renal dysfunction; hypertension or cardiac conditions aggravated by fluid retention and edema.

Route & Dosage

Osteoarthritis
Adult: PO 7.5–15 mg once daily

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Adult: PO 15 mg once daily

Administration

Oral

Adverse Effects (1%)

Body as a Whole: Edema, fall, flu-like syndrome, pain. GI: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea, constipation, ulceration, GI bleed. Hematologic: Anemia. Musculoskeletal: Arthralgia. CNS: Dizziness, headache, insomnia. Respiratory: Pharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, cough. Skin: Rash, pruritus. Urogenital: Micturition frequency, urinary tract infection.

Interactions

Drug: May decrease effectiveness of ace inhibitors, diuretics; aspirin may increase risk of GI bleed; may increase lithium levels and toxicity; warfarin may increase risk of bleeding. Herbal: Feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginkgo may increase bleeding potential.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: 89% bioavailable. Peak: 4–5 h. Distribution: >99% protein bound, distributes into synovial fluid. Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by CYP2C9. Elimination: Equally eliminated in urine and feces. Half-Life: 15–20 h.

Nursing Implications

Assessment & Drug Effects

Patient & Family Education


Common adverse effects in italic, life-threatening effects underlined; generic names in bold; classifications in SMALL CAPS; Canadian drug name; Prototype drug